Recent Publications

Integrated workflow for DEMO divertor design using Reduced Order Models

D. Valente, C. Poloni, G. Degrassi, R. Ambrosino, F. Subba, D. Marzullo

Effect of neutron irradiation swelling on monoblock fracture in the DEMO reactor

M. Bruno, G. Cricrì, N. Mantel, J.H. You, R. Citarella

University of Napoli Federico II, United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA), Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, University of Salerno

Comparison between OTSG and UTSG for DEMO nuclear fusion facility under pump trip scenarios

Jaime Valverde-Hernández, César Queral, Francisco Martín-Fuertes, Kevin Fernández-Cosials

Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, CIEMAT

Features of fusion power measurements in next-generation magnetic plasma confinement experiments

V. Krasilnikov, T. Kormilitsyn, D. Fridrikhsen, E. Afanasenko, A. Kovalev, Y. Kashchuk, L. Bertalot, A. Dzhurik, S. Obudovsky, B. Coriton, et al.

Project Center ITER, ITER Organization, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nagoya University

Fusion power measurements provide one of the key benchmarks for any successful reactor-scale magnetic confinement fusion facility. In a deuterium–tritium fuel mix, neutrons carry about 4/5 of the produced fusion power outside the plasma volume. Thus, the 14 MeV neutron yield provides the primary direct measurement of the fusion power of a machine. The challenge of determining uncertainty in total neutron yield measurements is solved using several strategies: detailed detector assessment in a metrological neutron laboratory, in situ calibration using a mobile neutron source (typically 252 Cf), and cross-calibration using a well-characterized detector in a well-known discharge. Transition to reactor-scale devices, such as BEST, ITER, and DEMO, will require the use of neutron sources with yields of 10 10 –10 11 s −1 and above. Multiple diagnostics systems fall within this scope: neutron counters, neutron activation systems, and multi-collimator systems. Together, they provide fusion power measurements with up to 10% accuracy and 1 ms time resolution for the case of ITER, across a broad dynamic range of fusion power. Two methods for in situ calibration are considered: (1) using multiple neutron generator (NG) positions to emulate a circular or ‘ring’ source of fusion neutrons for calibrating the permanent detector set, and (2) making use of multiple temporary detectors at various locations inside the vacuum vessel during calibration, thereby allowing us to obtain more reference points for further Monte Carlo model validation with the same (or less) irradiation duration. This study details the results of neutron detector characterization under laboratory conditions using compact NGs, showing that the use of powerful (up to 10 11 s −1 D–T and 10 9 s −1 D–D) yet compact NGs with sealed tubes raises the challenge of steady-source metrological assurance, especially when considering said sources for in situ calibration.

Manufacturing of a representative DEMO divertor shielding liner mock-up by hot isostatic pressing

Emma Piozin, Mathieu Monteremand, Julien Cigna, Paolo Rossi, Jeong-Ha You

University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, ENEA, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics