Organizations

Energy Matter Conversion Corporation (EMC2) is a fusion company founded in 1985 by Dr. Robert Bussard to develop Polywell fusion technology, an electrostatic confinement approach. The company built and tested multiple Polywell devices with support from U.S. government programs, including experiments funded by the U.S. Navy. EMC2 continued research after Bussard’s death in 2007 under Dr. Jaeyoung Park.

Liberty Fusion is pursuing a plasma-jet magneto-inertial fusion (PJMIF) concept.

Acceleron Fusion is pursuing a novel approach to fusion power using muon-catalyzed fusion, which aims to generate energy without needing extreme plasma temperatures. They create muon beams to trigger fusion reactions in compressed deuterium-tritium fuel.

Anubal Fusion is a fusion energy startup founded in 2024 by Dr. Pravin Kini based in India. They are pursuing an inertial confinement proton-boron fusion concept. Anubal Fusion is partnering with the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, which is installing a petawatt-class laser that will support the company’s planned experimental work.

Avalanche is developing a fusion concept called the Orbitron which is intended as a small-scale fusion energy system. If successful, this system could function as a single cell with capacities between 5kW and 15kW, or be grouped for larger, potentially megawatt-scale applications.

Blue Laser Fusion is pursuing a laser inertial confinement fusion system and intends to utilize proton-boron 11 fuel.

The Centre for Fusion Energy is a public-private partnership between the Government of Canada, the Government of Ontario, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Ontario Power Generation, and Stellarex. The goal of this partnership is to build a hub for the research, development, and commercialization of fusion energy.

China Fusion Energy Co. Ltd. is a state-owned enterprise established in Shanghai in July 2025 under the China National Nuclear Corporation to advance nuclear fusion commercialization. The company consolidates national fusion research and development efforts and focuses on system design, technology validation, and digital R&D to support future fusion energy deployment. It operates with a registered capital of 15 billion yuan and collaborates with partners including Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Electric, and Shenergy Group.

Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS) is developing fusion energy systems which utilize high-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets. CFS is currently building SPARC, a tokamak with the stated goal of achieving scientific breakeven. After SPARC, CFS plans to develop and build ARC, an electricity producing fusion pilot plant. In addition to these efforts, CFS is a supplier of HTS magnets to other organizations.

Crossfield Fusion is developing compact fusion machines based on a concept they call the “Epicyclotron.” The company aims to produce small-scale fusion systems with outputs of approximately 1 MW electric or 2–3 MW thermal and is also pursuing applications in the fusion fuel cycle, including hydrogen isotope separation. Crossfield Fusion is commercializing its technology for other applications, including compact neutron sources for radiotherapy, medical isotope production, and materials testing.

Deutelio is a fusion energy company developing a magnetic confinement approach called the Polomac configuration. The company is pursuing the deuterium-deuterium fusion reaction beginning with a heat-generation system and progressing toward an electrical fusion machine.

Electric Fusion Systems is developing a compact fusion generator that uses a lithium-proton fuel contained in a sealed cartridge.

Energy Singularity is pursuing a high-field HTS tokamak approach to fusion energy.

ENN is an established gas company which is developing a number of different fusion concepts as part of their energy research efforts.

EX-Fusion is a laser fusion energy company developing a gigawatt-scale power plant based on high-repetition-rate, direct-drive fast ignition. Spun out of Osaka University, the team includes pioneers of the Fast Ignition Realization Experiment (FIREX) and holds world-leading records in fast ignition physics. In 2024, EX-Fusion became the first company to demonstrate continuous 10 Hz target engagement, one of the key engineering milestones for commercial inertial fusion. The company has raised over $60M and benefits from strong public–private support in Japan, where first-of-a-kind deployment is planned.

Firefly Fusion is pursuing the development of compact, high-field tokamaks. They are planning to utilize copper magnet coils during development and eventually high temperature superconducting (HTS) coils for future commercial power plants.

Focused Energy is developing a laser inertial confinement approach. They are pursuing a direct-drive fusion approach, which includes proprietary fuel capsules and high-repetition-rate lasers, with offices in San Francisco and Berlin, as well as a new facility in Austin, Texas.

Fuse Energy is pursuing a pulsed power approach to fusion energy. They are developing arrays of impedence-matched marx generators to drive a MagLIF target. The fusion energy concept is envisioned as a repetitively pulsed system.

Gauss Fusion is focused on developing high-field magnetic confinement fusion for fusion power plants.